%&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz��������������������������������������������������������������������������� Examples of press coverage (or just google “obelisk hawass”) New York Times: The New York obelisk at Alexandria in the late 1850s.
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Read “Cleopatra’s Needle” about the Egyptian monument that has been in New York City for over 100 years. The obelisk has been enduring the city’s freeze-thaw cycles and acid rain ever since.
Cleopatra's Needle in New York City is one of three similarly named Egyptian obelisks. Historic photos are essential for research on monument weathering.
On your station booklet, describe how dissolving takes place on Cleopatra
For the joy of old stone! In this sense, the new findings presented in this article reinforce Winkler’s perspective.Winkler concluded his research with a lesson learnt, promoting the practice that objects arriving in American museums from desert regions are routinely stripped of entrapped salts in distilled water to avoid salt weathering problems.
With free internet access to archives, such photos are now easier to find than previously. Cleopatra's Needle But this is another story that I will take up in this blog at a later date.Aswan granite quarry under archaeological excavation 2003Hi, I have actually visited 26 Egyptian obelisks around the world. %���� Sources: PPOC and Wikipedia (images enhanced)If Winkler had seen one of the earliest photos of the New York obelisk (The implications are obvious: Paraffin treatment is hardly a good explanation for the difference in weathering observed between the New York and London obelisks. Source: PPOC“Cleopatra’s Needle” is not only one, but a collective, popular name of three New Kingdom obelisks that were transferred from Egypt to the western world during the colonial era of the 19th century. Cleopatra’s Needle was erected by Thutmose III at Heliopolis in about 1,460 BC, later moved to Alexandria, and then to the USA. !(!0*21/*.-4;K@48G9-.BYBGNPTUT3? Remember: dissolving is a type of chemical weathering that can be caused by things like acid rain. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 23 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 6 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>>
Answer: chemical weathering. Known weathering rates of granites in different climates are compared with weathering damage on Cleopatra's Needle, an Egyptian obelisk in Central Park, New York City. Only when relocated to the moist European and American weather the obelisks started to suffer; the salts “woke up” leading to loss of dozens of kilos of disintegrated granite in a few months, especially along the bases. Source: Description de l’ÉgypteAs Erhard Winkler set out to explain the heavy weathering of the New York obelisk, he took it for granted that it was in good shape before it left Egypt, like the London, and especially the Paris obelisks. Historic photos are essential for research on monument weathering. Known weathering rates of granites in different climates are compared with weathering damage on Cleopatra's Needle, an Egyptian obelisk in Central Park, New York City. And I try to figure out about their weathering and conservation. It was erected in Central Park, west of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in Manhattan, on January 22, 1881. t�_��(�Õ=H��o�h��m8I�s�V�����'!�S�dz���K���s���������P�A�ۺ�aUv��� �Cؒ�n��*-N�c���t�cF�9�ud?K���!��g�z��u�8� Is this lesson the right one, or did Winkler make the classical error of generalising too broadly from a case study? Until quite recently urban air pollution was seen as the major cause of such weathering, but is now toned down in favour of the diversity of weathering agents that may have been active throughout the life-time of monuments. <>